Ibintu vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma bikoreshwa cane mu bihimba vy’umubiri, inguvu, ivyuma vy’ivyuma n’ibindi biterwa n’uko bishobora guhangana n’ubushuhe bwinshi cane, ubushobozi bwo gusenyuka n’ubushobozi bwo kwambara. Inzira y’uguhingura iragoye kandi irakomeye, irimwo amahuzu menshi y’ingenzi kugira ngo igicuruzwa ca nyuma kibe ciza cane kandi kigushikamye. Iki kiganiro kizozana igikorwa nyamukuru co guhingura ibintu vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma mu buryo burambuye.
Gutegura ibintu vyinshi no kuvanga
Ivyo guhingura ibintu vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma bitangura n’uguhitamwo n’ukugereranya ibikoresho vya mbere. Ibikoresho nyamukuru birimwo - alumina, zirconium oxide, carbide ya silikoni n’izindi ifu y’ivyuma, zifise uburemere bwinshi, ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ubushuhe bwinshi n’ugushikama kw’imiti. Ibikoresho vya mbere bitegerezwa gusuzumwa neza kugira ngo ubudasa n’ubunini bw’ibice bishike ku bisabwa. Inyuma y’aho, ibikoresho bitandukanye vy’agaciro biravangwa mu rugero runaka, kandi umubare ukwiye w’ibintu bifatanya (nk’ibikoresho vyo gufatanya canke bitagira ubuzima) vyongerwako kugira ngo inkomezi n’ugushikama bikomeze inyuma yo kubumbabumba. Uburyo bwo guvanga akenshi bukoresha ibikoresho vy’ugutera imbere kugira ngo ibikoresho vya mbere bigere ku rugero rumwe.
Uburyo bwo gukorana
Ifu y’ivyuma bivanze irakeneye gukorwa mu buryo bwipfuzwa biciye mu nzira yo kubumbabumba. Uburyo busanzwe bwo kubumbabumba ni ugukanda kwumye, gukanda isostatic n’ugutera ivyatsi. Gukanda kw’amazi ni vyiza ku bicuruzwa bifise imiterere yoroshe, bishirwako kandi bikozwe mu gipimo kinini biciye ku gipfukisho; isostating pleabling irabereye ku mibumbe igoye, ikoresha amazi menshi -iri kugira ngo ikoreshe neza umukazo kugira ngo itere imbere uburemere n’inkomezi z’igicuruzwa; Ivyuma vy’ugutera ivyatsi bikoreshwa cane cane ku bihimba binini canke bidasanzwe - bifise ishusho, kandi igihimba c’umubiri c’ivyuma giterwa mu gitereko, kandi umubiri w’icatsi kibisi ugaca ushirwa inyuma y’aho amazi ahindukiye.
Guvura no kuvura ubushuhe
Umubiri w’icatsi kibisi ugizwe n’ivyatsi bitoto ukeneye gusenyuka ku bushuhe bwinshi kugira ngo bifatanye n’ibihimba vy’amabuye y’agaciro mu mibumbe myinshi cane. Ubushuhe bwo gutera ivyatsi akenshi buri hagati ya 1600℃na 1800 degre , bivanye n’ubwoko bw’ibikoresho vy’ivyuma. Mu gihe c’uguhindura, umubiri w’icatsi kibisi uragabanuka maze ugakora - ubwatsi n’uburebure bw’umubiri buhambaye- Umubiri w’ivyuma. Ibintu bimwebimwe na vyo nyene birakeneye guvura ubushuhe, nk’ugukomeza canke gukomera ku ruhande, kugira ngo birushirizeho gukora neza.
Ubuvuzi n'ugupima
Inyuma yo gutera imbere, ibintu vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma bikwiye gusukurwa ku ruhande, nk’ugusukura, gupfuka canke gushiramwo ibihimba vy’ivyuma, kugira ngo bishobore gushitsa ibisabwa vyihariye. Ubwa nyuma, igicuruzwa gikeneye gukora igerageza rikomeye ry’uburyo, harimwo ingero z’ingero, igerageza ry’uburemere, isuzuma ry’uburemere bw’ugusenyuka, n’ibindi, kugira ngo bimenyekane ku ngingo mfatirwako z’inganda.
Inzira y’uguhingura ibintu vy’ivyuma vy’ivyuma (ceramique) ni vyo birimwo ubuhinga bw’ubuhinga n’ubuhinga bw’ubuhinga. Ivyiza vyayo vy’agaciro kanini kandi bikomeye bituma iba igice c’ingenzi kidasanzwe mu bijanye n’inganda.
